Course Objectives:

By the end of this training, participants will be able to:

1. Fundamentals of Hydrotreating Technology

• Understand the role of hydrotreating in petroleum refining and petrochemical industries.
• Explain the key chemical reactions in hydrotreating, including:
• Hydrodesulfurization (HDS)
• Hydrodenitrogenation (HDN)
• Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO)
• Hydrodemetallization (HDM)
• Aromatic saturation
• Recognize the impact of hydrotreating on fuel specifications and regulatory compliance.

2. Hydrotreating Process Flow and Equipment Design

• Understand the process flow of a hydrotreating system.
• Design and optimize key process components:
• Feed Preparation and Pretreatment
• Hydrotreating Reactor System (Fixed-bed, Moving-bed, Slurry-bed Reactors)
• Catalyst Selection and Performance Considerations
• Hydrogen Supply and Recycle System
• Separation and Product Recovery (High-pressure separators, Stripping systems, Fractionators)
• Analyze key operating parameters such as pressure, temperature, and hydrogen partial pressure.

3. Catalyst Selection and Performance Optimization

• Evaluate different catalyst formulations for specific feedstocks.
• Understand catalyst poisoning and deactivation mechanisms (sulfur, nitrogen, metal deposition, coking).
• Develop strategies for catalyst regeneration and replacement.

4. Process Optimization and Energy Efficiency

• Implement strategies for improving hydrotreater efficiency and product yield.
• Optimize hydrogen consumption and recycle ratio.
• Explore heat integration techniques to enhance energy efficiency.

5. Environmental, Safety, and Regulatory Compliance

• Identify key environmental concerns related to hydrotreating, including:
• Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and ammonia (NH₃) handling.
• Emissions control (SO₂, NOx, CO₂).
• Apply industry best practices for safety and hazard mitigation.
• Understand regulatory requirements for ultra-low sulfur fuels (ULSF).

6. Troubleshooting and Case Studies

• Study real-world hydrotreating system failures and troubleshooting methodologies.
• Develop problem-solving skills for common operational challenges (pressure drop, temperature runaway, catalyst deactivation).
• Apply reliability and maintenance strategies for long-term plant performance.

Target Audience:

This course is designed for professionals involved in refinery operations, process engineering, and plant design, including:

1. Engineers & Technical Personnel

2. Operations & Maintenance Teams

3. Health, Safety, and Environmental (HSE) Professionals

4. Management & Decision-Makers